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摘要
Gets the processes that are running on the local computer or a remote computer.
说明
The `Get-Process` cmdlet gets the processes on a local or remote computer.
Without parameters, this cmdlet gets all of the processes on the local computer. You can also specify a particular process by process name or process ID (PID) or pass a process object through the pipeline to this cmdlet.
By default, this cmdlet returns a process object that has detailed information about the process and supports methods that let you start and stop the process. You can also use the parameters of the `Get-Process` cmdlet to get file version information for the program that runs in the process and to get the modules that the process loaded.
参数
-ComputerName <System.String[]>
Specifies the computers for which this cmdlet gets active processes. The default is the local computer.
必需? false
位置? named
默认值 Local computer
是否接受管道输入? True (ByPropertyName)
是否接受通配符? false
-FileVersionInfo <System.Management.Automation.SwitchParameter>
Indicates that this cmdlet gets the file version information for the program that runs in the process.
必需? false
位置? named
默认值 False
是否接受管道输入? False
是否接受通配符? false
-Id <System.Int32[]>
Specifies one or more processes by process ID (PID). To specify multiple IDs, use commas to separate the IDs. To find the PID of a process, type `Get-Process`.
必需? true
位置? named
默认值 None
是否接受管道输入? True (ByPropertyName)
是否接受通配符? false
-IncludeUserName <System.Management.Automation.SwitchParameter>
Indicates that the UserName value of the Process object is returned with results of the command.
必需? true
位置? named
默认值 False
是否接受管道输入? False
是否接受通配符? false
-InputObject <System.Diagnostics.Process[]>
Specifies one or more process objects. Enter a variable that contains the objects, or type a command or expression that gets the objects.
必需? true
位置? named
默认值 None
是否接受管道输入? True (ByValue)
是否接受通配符? false
-Module <System.Management.Automation.SwitchParameter>
Indicates that this cmdlet gets the modules that have been loaded by the processes.
必需? false
位置? named
默认值 False
是否接受管道输入? False
是否接受通配符? false
-Name <System.String[]>
Specifies one or more processes by process name. You can type multiple process names (separated by commas) and use wildcard characters. The parameter name (`Name`) is optional.
必需? false
位置? 0
默认值 None
是否接受管道输入? True (ByPropertyName)
是否接受通配符? true
语法
Get-Process [[-Name] <System.String[]>] [-ComputerName <System.String[]>] [-FileVersionInfo ] [-Module ] [<CommonParameters>]
Get-Process [-ComputerName <System.String[]>] [-FileVersionInfo ] -Id <System.Int32[]> [-Module ] [<CommonParameters>]
Get-Process [-ComputerName <System.String[]>] [-FileVersionInfo ] -InputObject <System.Diagnostics.Process[]> [-Module ] [<CommonParameters>]
Get-Process -Id <System.Int32[]> -IncludeUserName [<CommonParameters>]
Get-Process [[-Name] <System.String[]>] -IncludeUserName [<CommonParameters>]
Get-Process -IncludeUserName -InputObject <System.Diagnostics.Process[]> [<CommonParameters>]
输入
System.Diagnostics.Process
You can pipe a process object to this cmdlet.
输出
System.Diagnostics.Process
By default, this cmdlet returns a System.Diagnostics.Process object.
System.Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo
If you use the FileVersionInfo parameter, this cmdlet returns a FileVersionInfo object.
System.Diagnostics.ProcessModule
If you use the Module parameter, without the FileVersionInfo parameter, this cmdlet returns a ProcessModule object.
注释
Windows PowerShell includes the following aliases for `Get-Process`:
示例
Example 1: Get a list of all active processes on the local computer
Get-Process
This command gets a list of all active processes running on the local computer. For a definition of each column, see the Notes (#notes)section.
Example 2: Get all available data about one or more processes
Get-Process winword, explorer | Format-List *
This command gets all available data about the Winword and Explorer processes on the computer. It uses the Name parameter to specify the processes, but it omits the optional parameter name. The pipeline operator (`|`) passes the data to the `Format-List` cmdlet, which displays all available properties (`*`) of the Winword and Explorer process objects.
You can also identify the processes by their process IDs. For instance, `Get-Process -Id 664, 2060`.
Example 3: Get all processes with a working set greater than a specified size
Get-Process | Where-Object {$_.WorkingSet -gt 20000000}
This command gets all processes that have a working set greater than 20 MB. It uses the `Get-Process` cmdlet to get all running processes. The pipeline operator (`|`) passes the process objects to the `Where-Object` cmdlet, which selects only the object with a value greater than 20,000,000 bytes for the WorkingSet property. WorkingSet is one of many properties of process objects. To see all of the properties, type `Get-Process | Get-Member`. By default, the values of all amount properties are in bytes, even though the default display lists them in kilobytes and megabytes.
Example 4: List processes on the computer in groups based on priority
$A = Get-Process
$A | Get-Process | Format-Table -View priority
These commands list the processes on the computer in groups based on their priority class. The first command gets all the processes on the computer and then stores them in the `$A` variable.
The second command pipes the Process object stored in the `$A` variable to the `Get-Process` cmdlet, then to the `Format-Table` cmdlet, which formats the processes by using the Priority view.
The Priority view, and other views, are defined in the PS1XML format files in the PowerShell home directory (`$pshome`).
Example 5: Add a property to the standard Get-Process output display
Get-Process powershell | Format-Table `
@{Label = "NPM(K)"; Expression = {[int]($_.NPM / 1024)}},
@{Label = "PM(K)"; Expression = {[int]($_.PM / 1024)}},
@{Label = "WS(K)"; Expression = {[int]($_.WS / 1024)}},
@{Label = "VM(M)"; Expression = {[int]($_.VM / 1MB)}},
@{Label = "CPU(s)"; Expression = {if ($_.CPU) {$_.CPU.ToString("N")}}},
Id, ProcessName, StartTime -AutoSize
NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName StartTime
------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- ----------- ---------
143 239540 259384 2366162 22.73 12720 powershell 12/5/2022 3:21:51 PM
114 61776 104588 2366127 11.45 18336 powershell 12/5/2022 7:30:53 AM
156 77924 82060 2366185 10.47 18812 powershell 12/5/2022 7:30:52 AM
85 48216 115192 2366074 1.14 24428 powershell 12/8/2022 9:14:15 AM
This example retrieves processes from the local computer. The retrieved processes are piped to the `Format-Table` command that adds the StartTime property to the standard `Get-Process` output display.
------- Example 6: Get version information for a process -------
Get-Process powershell -FileVersionInfo
ProductVersion FileVersion FileName
-------------- ----------- --------
6.1.6713.1 6.1.6713.1 (f... C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
This command uses the FileVersionInfo parameter to get the version information for the `powershell.exe` file that is the main module for the PowerShell process.
To run this command with processes that you do not own on Windows Vista and later versions of Windows, you must open PowerShell with the Run as administrator option.
--- Example 7: Get modules loaded with the specified process ---
Get-Process SQL* -Module
This command uses the Module parameter to get the modules that have been loaded by the process. This command gets the modules for the processes that have names that begin with `SQL`.
To run this command on Windows Vista and later versions of Windows with processes that you do not own, you must start PowerShell with the Run as administrator option.
------------ Example 8: Find the owner of a process ------------
Get-Process pwsh -IncludeUserName
Handles WS(K) CPU(s) Id UserName ProcessName
------- ----- ------ -- -------- -----------
782 132080 2.08 2188 DOMAIN01\user01 powershell
$p = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "name='powershell.exe'"
$p.GetOwner()
__GENUS : 2
__CLASS : __PARAMETERS
__SUPERCLASS :
__DYNASTY : __PARAMETERS
__RELPATH :
__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3
__DERIVATION : {}
__SERVER :
__NAMESPACE :
__PATH :
Domain : DOMAIN01
ReturnValue : 0
User : user01
The first command shows how to find the owner of a process. The IncludeUserName parameter requires elevated user rights ( Run as Administrator ). The output reveals that the owner is `Domain01\user01`.
The second and third command are another way to find the owner of a process.
The second command uses `Get-WmiObject` to get the PowerShell process. It saves it in the `$p` variable.
The third command uses the GetOwner method to get the owner of the process in `$p`. The output reveals that the owner is `Domain01\user01`.
Example 9: Use an automatic variable to identify the process hosting the current session
Get-Process powershell
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
308 26 52308 61780 567 3.18 5632 powershell
377 26 62676 63384 575 3.88 5888 powershell
Get-Process -Id $PID
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
396 26 56488 57236 575 3.90 5888 powershell
These commands show how to use the `$PID` automatic variable to identify the process that is hosting the current PowerShell session. You can use this method to distinguish the host process from other PowerShell processes that you might want to stop or close.
The first command gets all of the PowerShell processes in the current session.
The second command gets the PowerShell process that is hosting the current session.
Example 10: Get all processes that have a main window title and display them in a table
Get-Process | Where-Object {$_.mainWindowTitle} | Format-Table Id, Name, mainWindowtitle -AutoSize
This command gets all the processes that have a main window title, and it displays them in a table with the process ID and the process name.
The mainWindowTitle property is just one of many useful properties of the Process object that `Get-Process` returns. To view all of the properties, pipe the results of a `Get-Process` command to the `Get-Member` cmdlet `Get-Process | Get-Member`.
RelatedLinks
Online Version: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/get-process?view=powershell-5.1&WT.mc_id=ps-gethelp
Debug-Process
Get-Process
Start-Process
Stop-Process
Wait-Process

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